When the levee breaks (Extreme weather events and mankind)

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 When the levee breaks (Extreme weather events and mankind)

Read more on - Polity | Economy | Schemes | S&T | Environment


  • Extreme events in the world: While Kerala floods are being attributed to reservoir mismanagement, illegal construction in banned zones, forests destruction etc., globally we see Sweden and Norway witnessing extreme events like wildfires due to heat waves. So too with Californian wildfires.
  • Warmer climate means? Communities will face more severe and frequent heat waves, leading to dry conditions and fire, cyclones, heavy downpours, flooding and droughts due to rainfall failure.
  • Local conditions: Patterns of destruction are different everywhere due to local conditions. 
    1. Landslides in hilly regions with little vegetation 
    2. Flooding in homes built on lakebeds 
    3. Flooded cities when storm water outlets are not cleaned 
    4. Breaking of levees, etc.
  • Short term thinking clouds our actions: Extreme events get our response which are not effective enough to prevent devastation the next time round. We can try to strengthen the existing structures but that is just a short term solution.
  • How did we handle them in the past? 
    1. The 2010 Pakistan floods happened due to huge rainfall and change of Indus course (due to  breach in Tori Bund, a levee) 
    2. Kosi in Bihar changed course in 2008 due to mismanaged response to earlier floods. There was no plan  to accommodate large periodic flows of water and sediment.
  • How actions misfire: 
    1. Brazil went for aggressive spraying of insecticides in Boa Vista  region after a case of dengue was found, but that ended up increasing insecticide resistance. 
    2. The actions of US Forest Service to suppress forest fire over many decades has had the effect of increasing the impact of forest fires.
  • Long term plan: Kerala has to ensure that rain water gets absorbed, and hence must heed the warnings of the Gadgil Committee. 
    1. Limit development in Western Ghats, 
    2. Emergency evacuation measures, 
    3. Strong institutional response in emergencies, and 
    4. Reservoir management.
  • Summary : The extreme weather events are a reminder that we need a new approach to long-term ecological management.
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PT's IAS Academy: When the levee breaks (Extreme weather events and mankind)
When the levee breaks (Extreme weather events and mankind)
Excellent study material for all civil services aspirants - begin learning - Kar ke dikhayenge!
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