Andhra-Odisha dispute over Border Villages

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  Andhra-Odisha dispute over Border Villages


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  1. Elections: Andhra Pradesh recently held panchayat elections in three villages in the Kotia cluster, which is at the centre of a dispute between Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. 
  2. Disputed villages: The 21 villages, with a population of nearly 5,000, are located on a remote hilltop on the inter-state border. These are inhabited by the Kondh tribals, and the region was once a Maoist hotbed and still reports sporadic incidents of violence. It is also rich in mineral resources like gold, platinum, manganese, bauxite, graphite and limestone.
  3. Origin of dispute: Prior to April 1, 1936, villages under Kotia panchayat were part of Jeypore Estate. In the Constitution of Orissa Order, 1936, the Government of India demarcated Odisha from the erstwhile Madras Presidency. The Presidency included the present-day Andhra Pradesh. In 1942, the Madras government contested the boundary and ordered re-demarcation of the two states. In a joint survey of Odisha, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh, seven villages of Kotia gram panchayat were recorded as revenue villages. Revenue was collected by the Odisha government, but the exercise left out the 21 villages now under dispute.
  4. Historical: When the state of Andhra Pradesh was created in 1955, the villages were not surveyed by the Andhra Pradesh government either. This is the first time Andhra has held panchayat polls in any of these 21 villages. But the villages participate in Assembly and Lok Sabha elections for both states. They are registered as voters for the Salur Assembly and Araku Lok Sabha seats of Andhra, Pottangi Assembly and Koraput Lok Sabha seats of Odisha.
  5. Both states: The villagers enjoy benefits from both states under various schemes. For instance, Odisha constructed a gram panchayat office, a village agricultural centre, the office of an agricultural overseer, a boarding school, and a 380-bed hostel. It has also implemented MGNREGA, and distributed BPL cards to over 800 families and job cards to 1800 families. The Andhra Pradesh government has built roads, supplied electricity and provided rations to BPL families.
  6. Current status: In the early 1980s, Odisha filed a case in the Supreme Court demanding right and possession of jurisdiction over the 21 villages. In 2006 however, the court said that disputes belonging to the state boundaries are not within the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. So, it ruled that the matter can only be resolved by the Parliament. The Court thus passed a permanent injunction on the disputed area. In Andhra, Vizianagaram District collector said the three villages are separate gram panchayats and fall under Salur Mandal, hence elections were held. A day after Andhra notified the panchayat elections here, Odisha Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik inaugurated projects worth Rs 18 crore. The Odisha government has also moved the Supreme Court now.
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Andhra-Odisha dispute over Border Villages
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