What will Taliban 2.0 do - big question

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What happens in Afghanistan from here on depends the route the Taliban choose to adopt.

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 What will Taliban 2.0 do - big question


  1. The MEA of India (Ministry of External Affairs) hasn't really divulged what it knows about the Taliban 2.0, but India deserves to know much more, officially
  2. The basic question in Indians' minds is clear - is the Taliban 2.0 any different from its earlier avatar (the barbaric one)? Maybe it'll take time to find out.
  3. From 1996-2001, the devastated nation saw no positive re-building efforts at all, and the Mullahs were keenly suppressing human rights (esp. those of women) and providing a safe haven to terror groups
  4. The terror attacks of 9/11 in 2001 put a quick end to all that, pushing the Talibs back into their safe sanctuaries inside Pakistan
  5. Now, will Taliban 2.0 do similar things?
  6. There are no signals at all precisely because the entire Afghan State and Afghan Army simply disintegrated in a few days, quite similar to what happened in 1996
  7. It is Afghanistan's character that combat (between Afghan groups) is done as long as it is feasible (not too damaging) and then it is suddenly given up (indicates that internal negotitations happen a lot)
  8. The ANA was there to defend "democracy", "nation", "citizen rights" in a population that had little prior experience of all that
  9. Tribal loyalty is what mattered in Afghanistan always (and clan, family), and many soldiers in the ANA may have joined due to steady salaried paid by ths Americans
  10. That would explain what happened once President Joe Biden gave a fixed deadline for US withdrawal; soldiers at remote outposts realised their food, ammunition and salaries would end soon
  11. But what about old warlords, like Ismail Khan and Abdul Rashid Dostum, who've been battling for 40 years now?
  12. For such figures, total surrender is humiliation and torture, and death (for all involved). So their asking their men to stand down must have come after getting solid assurances and guarantees
  13. Who'd give such guarantees? Only regional council of notables (Shuras). It's now emerging that the Taliban asked Shuras to negotiate surrender of various militia and govt. forces
  14. This is a new Afghanistan, because from 1980s to 2001, the regional elders (notables) had little influence due to too much fighting; many were killed and many fled abroad (whether the Mujahideen controlled Afghanistan or the Taliban did, made no difference)
  15. With US coming into Afghanistan, economic activity and funds increased substantially. Electricity, highways and roads, mobile telephony spread everywhere
  16. Afghan citizens saw a different nation in these 20 years, and regional elites in these conditions would have regrouped for sure (having returned from abroad)
  17. All these leaders would be in their 60s now, and would want peace, with their families; the Taliban may also not want to push things too much as they have been in camps for 40 years now!
  18. It is worth remembering that the Talibanis of the 1996 were truly cut off from the world, with no idea of development; 2021 is no 1996 as some symbols of a modern economy do exist
  19. The mullahs may use their political power to suck taxes, but economy cannot be run by them (only by experts)
  20. In just a few months, it would be clear as to what lies ahead for everyone!
  1. भारत के विदेश मंत्रालय (विदेश मंत्रालय) ने तालिबान 2.0 के बारे में जो कुछ भी जानता है उसे वास्तव में प्रकट नहीं किया है, लेकिन भारत आधिकारिक तौर पर और अधिक जानने का हकदार है
  2. भारतीयों के मन में मूल प्रश्न स्पष्ट है - क्या तालिबान 2.0 अपने पहले के अवतार (बर्बर एक) से अलग है? शायद यह पता लगाने में समय लगेगा।
  3. १९९६-२००१ से, तबाह राष्ट्र ने कोई सकारात्मक पुनर्निर्माण प्रयास नहीं देखा, और मुल्ला मानव अधिकारों (विशेष रूप से महिलाओं के) का दमन कर रहे थे और आतंकवादी समूहों को एक सुरक्षित आश्रय प्रदान कर रहे थे
  4. २००१ में ९/११ के आतंकवादी हमलों ने उस सबका त्वरित अंत कर दिया, जिससे तालिबों को पाकिस्तान के अंदर उनके सुरक्षित पनाहगाहों में वापस धकेल दिया गया
  5. अब क्या तालिबान 2.0 भी ऐसा ही कुछ करेगा?
  6. बिल्कुल भी ऐसे कोई संकेत नहीं हैं क्योंकि संपूर्ण अफगान राज्य और अफगान सेना बस कुछ ही दिनों में बिखर गई, जो 1996 में हुई घटना के समान ही है
  7. यह अफगानिस्तान का चरित्र है कि युद्ध (अफगान समूहों के बीच) तब तक किया जाता है जब तक यह संभव है (बहुत हानिकारक नहीं) और फिर इसे अचानक छोड़ दिया जाता है (यह दर्शाता है कि आंतरिक बातचीत बहुत होती है)
  8. एएनए उस आबादी में "लोकतंत्र", "राष्ट्र", "नागरिक अधिकारों" की रक्षा करने के लिए था, जिसके पास उन सभी का बहुत कम अनुभव था
  9. जनजातीय वफादारी अफगानिस्तान में हमेशा (और कबीले, परिवार) मायने रखती है, और एएनए में कई सैनिक अमेरिकियों द्वारा स्थिर वेतन भुगतान के कारण शामिल हो सकते हैं
  10. यह दिखाता है कि जब राष्ट्रपति जो बाइडेन ने अमेरिका की वापसी के लिए एक निश्चित समय सीमा दी तो क्या हुआ; दूरस्थ चौकियों पर सैनिकों को एहसास हुआ कि उनका भोजन, गोला-बारूद और वेतन जल्द ही समाप्त हो जाएगा
  11. लेकिन इस्माइल खान और अब्दुल राशिद दोस्तम जैसे पुराने सरदारों का क्या, जो 40 साल से संघर्ष कर रहे हैं? ऐसे नेताओं के लिए, पूर्ण समर्पण अपमान और यातना है, और मृत्यु (सभी सम्बंधित के लिए)। तो वे अपने आदमियों को पीछे हटने के लिए तभी कहेंगे, जब निश्चित रूप से ठोस आश्वासन और गारंटी प्राप्त हो गयी हों
  12. ऐसी गारंटी कौन देगा? केवल रीजनल काउंसिल ऑफ नोटबल्स (शूरा)। अब यह सामने आ रहा है कि तालिबान ने शूरा को विभिन्न मिलिशिया और सरकार के आत्मसमर्पण के लिए बातचीत करने के लिए कहा।
  13. यह एक नया अफगानिस्तान है, क्योंकि १९८० से २००१ तक, बहुत अधिक लड़ाई के कारण क्षेत्रीय बुजुर्गों (उल्लेखनीय) का बहुत कम प्रभाव था; कई मारे गए और कई विदेश भाग गए (चाहे मुजाहिदीन ने अफगानिस्तान को नियंत्रित किया या तालिबान ने किया, कोई फर्क नहीं पड़ा)
  14. अमेरिका के अफगानिस्तान में आने के साथ, आर्थिक गतिविधियों और धन में काफी वृद्धि हुई। बिजली, राजमार्ग और सड़कें, मोबाइल टेलीफोनी हर जगह फैली हुई है
  15. इन 20 वर्षों में अफगान नागरिकों ने एक अलग राष्ट्र देखा, और इन परिस्थितियों में क्षेत्रीय अभिजात वर्ग निश्चित रूप से फिर से संगठित हो गए होंगे (विदेश से लौटकर)
  16. ये सभी नेता अब अपने उम्र के 60 के दशक में होंगे, और अपने परिवारों के साथ शांति चाहते हैं; तालिबान भी चीजों को बहुत ज्यादा आगे नहीं बढ़ाना चाहते क्योंकि वे 40 वर्षों से शिविरों में रहे हैं!
  17. यह याद रखने योग्य है कि १९९६ के तालिबानी वास्तव में दुनिया से कटे हुए थे, विकास का कोई विचार नहीं था; 2021 कोई 1996 नहीं है क्योंकि आधुनिक अर्थव्यवस्था के कुछ प्रतीक मौजूद हैं
  18. मुल्ला अपनी राजनीतिक शक्ति का उपयोग करों को चूसने के लिए कर सकते हैं, लेकिन अर्थव्यवस्था उनके द्वारा नहीं चलाई जा सकती (केवल विशेषज्ञों द्वारा)
  19. कुछ ही महीनों में, यह स्पष्ट हो जाएगा कि सभी के लिए आगे क्या है!

#Afghanistan #Taliban #India #Terrorism #ForeignAffairs #UN #USA

(content from The Hindu newspaper; Analysis by Team PT | Please buy your own subscription of The Hindu)


 

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PT's IAS Academy: What will Taliban 2.0 do - big question
What will Taliban 2.0 do - big question
What happens in Afghanistan from here on depends the route the Taliban choose to adopt.
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PT's IAS Academy
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