Migration reversed (Indian worker and labour situation is dire)

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 Migration reversed (Indian worker and labour situation is dire)

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    • Seal them now: Soon after the large-scale movement of migrant labourers across India (post lockdown), the Home Ministry was forced to seal inter-state and inter-district borders. That clearly shows the total lack of any preparation prior to announcement of the lockdown.
    • What next: All those who left will be quarantined for 14 days, in their respective States. Did the Central govt. not even foresee this huge panic-driven exodus, of the Delhi labourers?  (lockdown announced March 24)
    • Diluted: The PM's well-intentioned move has been largely diluted due to this mass exodus. The two steps that were needed PRIOR to announcing lockdown were - making sure landlords did not evict the labourers (for a month), and providing for basic needs. Lockdown didn't take care of this.
    • State governments: They would have prepared much better had planning been done.
    • Larger issues about labour: We get to learn some deeper things in this crisis.
      1. The huge informal sector workforce is actually not covered under any welfare scheme (state protection) 
      2. The laws are ineffective and useless - The Inter State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979 details all rights of workers, and duties of contractors and State (but it's not being followed) 
      3. The 2008 Act - Unorganised Workers' Social Security Act - legislated after the report by NCEUS (National Commission for Enterprises in Unorganised Sector) is also not implemented properly.
    • One Nation One Ration Card scheme: Do not delay this any more now, as it could have halted this sudden reverse migration. 
    • Economic Survey says: The 2016-17 survey had clearly explained how internal migration is a huge issue in India now, with at least 90 lakh people migrating between states. They are usually bereft of any support.
    • Other exodus: Labourers in large numbers are now not moving out from Mumbai, Pune, Ahmd, Valsad and Jamnagar. But the scale of urban poverty is now visible. These poor wear jeans, and carry stuff in backpacks while fleeing on the highways. Hence, poverty line definitions based on food energy intake or asset possessions makes little sense now.
    • Summary : The sudden, reverse migration of millions during pandemic times shows how poorly understood migrant labour issue is, in India.
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                                                                                                                                                    PT's IAS Academy: Migration reversed (Indian worker and labour situation is dire)
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