Gearing up to fight the next big viral outbreak (Indian states have to be fully prepared)

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 Gearing up to fight the next big viral outbreak (Indian states have to be fully prepared)

Read more on - Polity | Economy | Schemes | S&T | Environment


    • SARS-CoV-2: This new strain of coronavirus causing panic everywhere may arrive in full scale in India, causing grave damage. Today, India isn't ready for it.
    • WHO's Index: The Global Health Security Index (WHO-GHSI) found no country prepared for coronavirus. The index assesses 195 countries across - (a) prevention, (b) early detection, (c) rapid response, (d) health system quality, (e) standards, and (f) risk environment. US is 1st, Thailand 6th, China 51st, India 57th.
    • Tackling new outbreaks: Immediate attention is needed for - (i) early detection and prevention; (ii) better collaboration across health service providers; (iii) more investments in healthcare, and (iv) better care of environment and biodiversity.
    • MERS 2015 in Thailand: When the deadly Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) hit in 2015, Thailand didn't hide anything but informed WHO, and acted. China hid everything in COVID-19 in 2019 when it first noticed.
    • H1N1 in India: The influenza A H1N1 outbreaks in some states since 2009 have been warnings to the Indian state about upgrading itself on detection, awareness and quarantining. Each state must regularly conduct "stress tests" to check its preparedness. Even mighty China is realising how supply chains break during crisis when people panic.
    • Partnerships needed: Nations need partnerships among themselves, and between private and public sectors, to be ready for scaling up supplies in crisis. 
    • Health spending: The best defence will always be upgrading health expenditure (by the GoI), from the 1.5% of GDP today to higher levels. 
      1. From just 80 doctors per 1 lakh people, we need many more. 
      2. Nipah experience, Kerala, 2018: Due to robust infrastructure, the crisis was contained very quickly. Imagine the scene otherwise.
    • Pathogens and environmental degradation: New pathogens are being studied in context of environmental degradation. The link between particulate matter and viral respiratory infections is now noted. 
      1. Indian cities have some of the worst pollution levels
      2. Climate shocks will worsen the situation with rapid temperature rises and rainfall decline
      3. High population density worsens it
    • Chinese case: The SARS-Cov-2 emerged from the wild animals' market. The biodiversity link is clear. 75% of newly emerging pathogens are animal-to-human ones. As man encroaches more on animal habitats, it may accelerate. Change those habits, and stay better prepared.
    • Summary : India urgently needs to scale up its preparedness for virus emergencies, in a structured manner, and mankind needs to control its urge to gobble up animal habitats to minimise animal to human transmission of pathogens.
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                                                                                                                                                          PT's IAS Academy: Gearing up to fight the next big viral outbreak (Indian states have to be fully prepared)
                                                                                                                                                          Gearing up to fight the next big viral outbreak (Indian states have to be fully prepared)
                                                                                                                                                          Excellent study material for all civil services aspirants - begin learning - Kar ke dikhayenge!
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