Meet spyware Pegasus (How it broke into Indians' phones)

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 Meet spyware Pegasus (How it broke into Indians' phones)

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    • Using WhatsApp to spy: News broke that messaging platform WhatsApp was being used to spy on human rights activists, journalists, etc. in India, in 2019. The culprit was a spyware PEGASUS, by Israeli firm NSO group.
    • Sued in US: WhatsApp sued NSO in a US court, accusing it of sending malware to 1400 mobile devices to infect and penetrate (using WhatsApp servers). WhatsApp's head complained that such spyware tools are surveilling our personal lives, putting us all at risk.
    • Indian case: Of the 150 crore users of WhatsApp, 40 crore are in India (biggest market).
    • How Pegasus works:
      1. It sends an exploit link to target device, and once clicked, the malware is installed.
      2. Latest versions don't need even clicking of any links! Once installed, the phone's totally hacked. So WhatsApp end-to-end encryption doesn't work, as just a missed call is enough.
      3. First hack was with Ahmed Mansoor in 2016, a human rights activist in UAE, whose iPhone was hacked. Apple updated a patch to fix the problem.
      4. In 2018, 'The Citizen Lab' of Canada showed how exactly Pegasus worked. It used "zero day exploits".
    • 'Zero Day Exploits': It is an unknown vulnerability in software unknown to all, so there's no patch to fix it.
    • Jamal Khashoggi's friend: Saudi activist (from Montreal) Omar Abdulaziz sued NSO on charges his phone was hacked, and his talks with Jamal were snooped on. Jamal K was murdered by Saudi agents later, in October 2018.
    • Pegasus takes it all: Once hacked, the phone's contents can be copied easily. Camera and microphone can be turned on at will. Browsing history and GPS too can be used.
    • Deeper features: Pegasus uses minimum battery, and can self-destruct when exposed. It leaves no trace on the device either. All this is given in its official brochure!
    • What NSO group says: It claimed that Pegasus is given only to licensed govt. intelligence and law enforcement agencies. So who got it in India, if the govt. itself is blaming WhatsApp?
    • Encryption: Indian govt. has been pressurising WhatsApp to decrypt its platform and give access. Platforms like Telegram are not fully end-to-end encrypted, but partially. If one plans to shift to Telegram or Signal or Wire, even they may have "zero-day" exploits.
    • Summary : The WhatsApp hacking scandal exposes many facets of public governance and its interface with internet technologies, at the cost of civil freedoms.
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                                                                                                                                                          PT's IAS Academy: Meet spyware Pegasus (How it broke into Indians' phones)
                                                                                                                                                          Meet spyware Pegasus (How it broke into Indians' phones)
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