A democratic language, an authoritarian writ (Populism holding democracy hostage)

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 A democratic language, an authoritarian writ (Populism holding democracy hostage)

Read more on - Polity | Economy | Schemes | S&T | Environment


    • Why is democracy valuable : It allows for a peaceful transfer of power between regimes, through free and fair elections and hence things remain legitimate. Losers do not resort to violence, but wait for their turn. This was the "Minimalist theory". 
    • Maximalist theory : Democracy goes much beyond. Such governments are obliged to offer a life with dignity for everyone, including political and civil rights.
    • Post Cold War : As the cold war ended in 1991, democracy spread very rapidly. Even international financial aid became contingent on democracy's presence in a nation! But in the 21st century, suddenly, right wing populists rose all over the world. Democracy's hollowing out had commenced. But the word "democracy" was used by all!
    • How populism works : The people are excited by demagogues by two planks – (a) a corrupt elite, and (b) a useless system/institutional structure. Populists successfully sold this "struggle".
    • Turning democracy on its head : A democracy must have power vested in institutions, and exercised as per laid-down procedures. The populists have made themselves (the body of the leader) the centre of nation and its people. Any criticism of the leader is akin to being anti-national. No criticism will be tolerated – from people or even from Parliaments.
    • The US example : The House of Representatives (HOR) passes progressive legislations, which are blocked by the Senate (Republican controlled). Pro-democracy bills like anti-corruption, net neutrality, equal pay, health care, climate change action etc. are all stuck. Legislative paralysis has ensued due to the stand-offs between the federal chamber and HOR.
    • Gaming the judiciary : President Trump has packed various levels of judiciary with pliant judges. Appointments are for life! Rushed confirmations, and not detailed enquiries, are harming the structure.
    • Separation of Powers doctrine : Despite a clear provision in US Constitution on "separation of powers", the goings-on have eroded the autonomy of the US Congress.
    • The UK story : To have his no-deal Brexit from EU on 31-10-2019, British PM Boris Johnson announced Parliamentary shutdown for five weeks (Sept 09 to Oct 14). Logic was simple – not enough time for debate in Parliament! Economicsts have warned that a no-deal Brexit will hurt badly, but the PM is firm.
    • Protests : Citizens started protesting the prorogation of Parliament! PM's own party opposed this constitutional outrage. His own MP left, and joined the opposition, making his govt. a minority one.
    • Indian case : The actions taken on Jammu and Kashmir were so sudden, and totally without any assent of the state's elected assembly, that the Parliament's majestic powers have been reduced to just stamping government decisions. 
    • The world over : So populism has taken over large parts of the democratic world, in a rank authoritarian way that masks itself as being democratic. The fight against feudal and colonial forces is now over, and the wheel has come one full circle. Personalised power is the name of the game. The "executive" now has replaced "representative government".
    • Summary : Populist governments across the world over have reduced democracy to simple authoritarianism, in the name of democracy, and the "executive" has replaced all checks and balances built to preserve sanity.
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                                                                                                                                                      PT's IAS Academy: A democratic language, an authoritarian writ (Populism holding democracy hostage)
                                                                                                                                                      A democratic language, an authoritarian writ (Populism holding democracy hostage)
                                                                                                                                                      Excellent study material for all civil services aspirants - begin learning - Kar ke dikhayenge!
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