A blow against Article 370 (Eroding J&K's special status)

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 A blow against Article 370 (Eroding J&K's special status)

Read more on - Polity | Economy | Schemes | S&T | Environment


    • Presidential Order 2019 : The new order in March 2019 extended the 77th and 103rd Constitutional Amendments to the state of Jammu and Kashmir. These are about promotion reservations for SC&ST in the State services, and EWS resp. This order was challenged in J&K High Court. The Governor had concurred with the 2019 order.
    • Special status : The Article 370 ensures that provisions of Indian constitution do not apply to J&K directly. To apply any constitutional provision or amendment to the State, a Presidential Order is needed. That needs the State Govt.'s concurrence, where the subject matter is outside of Defence, External Affairs and Communications.
    • 1954 Order : Hence a Presidential Order was passed in 1954 to extend various provisions. The State Government and the State Constituent Assembly also ratified it. The Constitution came into effect in 1957, and Assembly was dissolved. After that 40 such orders have been made. The special status of the State is considerably eroded already.
    • Dilution of norms : While initially all norms were strictly followed, slowly they were diluted.
      1. First level of dilution : Since the State Constituent Assembly didn't exist, it could not approve the Presidential orders.
      2. Only two exceptions to (a) : The 1986 order (extending Article 249) and 2019 order are exceptions to (a) above. The State was under Governor's rule in both. In the absence of an elected Assembly, he cannot give concurrence to the Presidential order. He is just an unelected nominee of the Central government. Both these actions have been challenged in High Court. The 1986 order is second level of dilution.
      3. Third level of dilution : The 2019 order came when Article 356 was in force, and the President had assumed all powers (unlike in 1986). Then, the Governor had some amount of freedom (on paper) that he lacks today totally. It's the central govt. talking to itself!
    • A wrong move : Thus, the 2019 Order may not be the proper legal step. An elected government is required. The Sarkaria Commission had also made the same observation on the 1986 Order - "every legally permissible action is not prudent or proper".
    • Summary : The various Presidential Orders applying to the State of Jammu and Kashmir have consistently eroded the special status under Article 370.
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                                                                                                                                              PT's IAS Academy: A blow against Article 370 (Eroding J&K's special status)
                                                                                                                                              A blow against Article 370 (Eroding J&K's special status)
                                                                                                                                              Excellent study material for all civil services aspirants - begin learning - Kar ke dikhayenge!
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