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- States Reorganisation Commission: In December 1953, the States Reorganisation Commission was appointed to prepare for the creation of states on linguistic lines. Thus, merging the Telugu-speaking region of Hyderabad state (Telangana) with Telugu-speaking state of Andhra state, the central government, established a unified Andhra Pradesh on 1 November 1956.
- Present day AP: The Politics of Andhra Pradesh take place in the context of a bicameral parliamentary system within the Constitutional framework of India. The main parties in the state are the ruling Telugu Desam Party and the YSR Congress Party. Other parties include the Indian National Congress. N. Chandrababu Naidu of TDP became the incumbent and the first Chief Minister of the state, post its bifurcation in 2014. He had opposed it.
- Present day Telangana: The state of Telangana was officially formed on 2 June 2014. K Chandrashekar Rao was elected as the first chief minister of Telangana, following elections in which the Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) party secured majority. Hyderabad is the joint capital of both Telangana and Andhra Pradesh for a period, not more than 10 years after that period Hyderabad shall be the capital of the State of Telangana and there shall be a new capital for the State of Andhra Pradesh. Andhra Pradesh picked Amaravati as its capital and moved its secretariat in 2016 and legislature in March 2017.
- INC in its prime: The Indian National Congress party won all the state elections from the emergence of the state on 1 October 1953 till 1983. There were ten different chief ministers from the formation of the state in 1956 till 1983.
- Demand for a separate Telangana: Marri Chenna Reddy formed the Telangana Praja Samiti party to lead the Telangana movement. In November 1969, there was a major split in the party which eventually led to the downfall of the movement. On 30 September 1971, P. V. Narasimha Rao became the Chief Minister. (He became PM in 1991)
- Rise of Telugu Desam Party and NT Rama Rao: In 1983, N. T. Rama Rao, a popular Telugu actor, established his Telugu Desam Party (Telugu Desam, meaning Land of Telugus) as popular dissent with Indira Gandhi's frequent changing of CMs existed, and a platform of "Telugu Pride" could be built. Within nine months of its founding, fuelled by a statewide Rath Yatra, Telugu Desam was voted to power and NTR became the first Non-Congress chief minister of Andhra Pradesh.
- Congress returns: Nadendla Bhaskara Rao broke with the party and formed a state government with the help of the opposition Congress(I). However his government lasted only 31 days as he did not command a majority in the Assembly. NTR was reinstated to power on 16 September 1984. The Congress returned to power when Marri Chenna Reddy was sworn in for his second term as chief minister on 3 December 1989. The Congress lasted in power until the elections of 1994.
- Return of NTR: In the elections of 1994, N. T. Rama Rao's Telugu Desam Party ran advocating prohibition in response to a women's movement. He had then recently married his second wife Lakshmi Parvathi. NTR's campaign focussed on the rural areas. He won the state elections of 1995.
- Rise of N Chandrababu Naidu: When NTR became the Chief minister in 1994, he appointed one of his sons-in-law Nara Chandrababu Naidu as the Revenue Minister. Soon after the formation of the government in response to the growing influence of Lakshmi Parvati on the political decisions of NTR, Chandrababu Naidu convinced a majority of the TDP MLAs to support him and he held hostage of MLAs in viceroy hotel to elect him as the chief minister.
- Naidu revolts and ousts father-in-law NTR: Naidu gradually gained popularity in the public as a leader with development motive and NTR incident faded away from peoples memories.The Anti Defection Law did not apply and the Telugu Desam Party label passed on to the Chandrababu Naidu faction. The NTR faction became TDP (NTR). NTR died on 18 January 1996 and Lakshmi Parvati succeeded him as the head of TDP (NTR) which no longer had any representation in the state legislature. Chandrababu Naidu's TDP won the next election with a thumping majority by his development motive.
- INC and YS Reddy: Indian National Congress state leader Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy became the next chief minister.
- INC + TRS combine: Under Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy ("YSR"), the Indian National Congress party won the 2004 elections as part of a coalition with TRS. During the run-up to the 2004 elections, Rajasekhar Reddy was able bring a common platform and mutual agreement within the Andhra Pradesh Congress Party. The elections resulted in the defeat of the then-ruling Telugu Desam Party under the leadership of N. Chandrababu Naidu.
- 2009 victory of INC: In 2009 the Indian National Congress under the leadership of YSR won a simple majority by winning 156 of 294 assembly seats. Telugu Desam Party gained a few more assembly seats than the previous election. Praja Rajyam Party founded by Chiranjeevi won 16% of the votes. The TRS and the Left parties in combination won less than 7% of the votes.
- Death of Y S R Reddy: As Rajasekhara Reddy died on 2 September 2009 in a helicopter crash, K. Rosaiah of the Indian National Congress took charge as CM of Andhra Pradesh. He resigned on health grounds. The next day, on 25 November 2010, Chief Minister Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy of Indian National Congress took charges as CM. [ The son of YSR Reddy – YS Jaganmohan Reddy founded YSR Congress Party, and is the Leader of opposition in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly since 16 May 2014 ]
- KCR emerges with his TRS demanding a separate state: Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) started Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) party in 2001 to lead the second phase of the Telangana movement which reached its peak during the period 2009-2014. This resulted in carving of the Telangana state on 2 June 2014. There was unsuccessful counter agitation in Rayalaseema and Coastal Andhra regions to stop the statehood.
- TDP wins in divided Andhra: On 2 June 2014, the Telugu Desam Party won 104 seats out of 175 Seats. Telugu Actor Turned Politician Pawan Kalyan supported BJP-TDP Coalition and N. Chandrababu Naidu became the first CM of bifurcated AP defeating YS Jagan Mohan Reddy (YSR Congress).
- History of Telangana region: It was governed by many rulers, including the Maurya Empire (320 BCE to 180 BCE), Satavahana dynasty (180 BCE to 220 CE), Vakataka dynasty (250 CE - 500 CE), Chalukya dynasty (543 CE - 753 CE), Rashtrakuta dynasty (753 CE - 982 CE), the Kakatiya Dynasty (1083 CE –1323 CE), the Musunuri Nayaks (1326–1356), the Delhi Sultanate, the Bahmani Sultanate (1347–1512), Vijayanagara Empire (1336–1646), Qutb Shahi dynasty (1512–1687), Mughal Empire (1687–1724) and Asaf Jahi Dynasty (1724–1948). The Satavahana dynasty (230 BCE to 220 CE) became the dominant power in this region. It originated from the lands between the Godavari and Krishna rivers and was based at Amaravathi and Dharanikota.
- Golden age: The Telangana area experienced its golden age during the reign of the Kakatiya dynasty, which ruled most parts of the present-day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana from 1083 to 1323 CE. The dynasty weakened with the attack of Malik Kafur in 1309 and was dissolved after the defeat of Prataparudra by the forces of Muhammad bin Tughluq in 1323.
- Delhi Sultanate: The area came under the rule of the Delhi Sultanate in the 14th century, followed by the Bahmani Sultanate. Quli Qutb Mulk, a governor of Golkonda, revolted against the Bahmani Sultanate and established the Qutb Shahi dynasty in 1518. On 21 September 1687, the Golkonda Sultanate came under the rule of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb after a year-long siege of the Golkonda fort.
- Hyderabad under the Nizam: In 1769, Hyderabad city became the formal capital of the Nizams. The Nizam Nasir-ud-dawlah, Asaf Jah IV signed the Subsidiary Alliance with the British in 1799 and lost its control over the state's defence and foreign affairs. Hyderabad State became a princely state among the presidencies and provinces of British India.
- Communist revolt in 1940s: The Telangana Rebellion was a peasant revolt supported by the communists. It originated in the Telangana regions of the Hyderabad State between 1946 and 1951, led by the Communist Party of India (CPI). The revolt began in the Nalgonda district against the feudal lords of Reddy and Velama castes. Peasant farmers and labourers revolted against the local feudal landlords (jagirdars and deshmukhs) and later against the Nizam Osman Ali Khan. The violent phase ended after the Government of India's Operation Polo. Starting in 1951, the CPI shifted to a more moderate strategy of seeking to bring communism to India within the framework of Indian democracy.
- Formation of unified Andhra in 1956: In December 1953, the States Reorganisation Commission (SRC) was appointed to form states on a linguistic basis. An agreement (Gentlemen Agreement) was reached between Telangana leaders and Andhra leaders on 20 February 1956 to merge Telangana and Andhra with promises to safeguard Telangana's interests. After reorganisation in 1956, the region of Telangana was merged with Andhra State to form Andhra Pradesh. The central government established the unified state of Andhra Pradesh on 1 November 1956.
- Formation of divided Andhra in 2014: On 30 July 2013, the Congress Working Committee unanimously passed a resolution to recommend the formation of a separate Telangana state. After various stages the bill was placed in the Parliament of India in February 2014, and received the assent of the President and published in the Gazette on 1 March 2014. The state of Telangana was officially formed on 2 June 2014. KC Rao was elected as the first chief minister of Telangana.
- National Parties missing: In both Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, none of the national parties has any imposing presence!
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