Can we get aircraft fuel from air - an analysis

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Is it possible to make aviation fuel out of thin air?

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Can we get aircraft fuel from air - an analysis

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    • The story: Many think about replacing fossil fuels with renewable electricity, either directly or indirectly, as the best way to decarbonise industry, transport and the heating and cooling of buildings. But it is tough to do so in cement. And also in aviation. Why? Because batteries are too heavy and hydrogen (which could be made using renewable electricity) too bulky to do the job easily. So hydrocarbon aviation fuels are not dying soon.
    • A new kind of fuel: But such fuels need not be fossil. They might be synthesised from the CO2 exhaust of various industrial processes. 
      1. A new research by scientists devised and tested a system that, in essence, reimagines the natural process of photosynthesis. 
      2. Plants take in atmospheric CO2 and water and, with sunlight providing the energy, turn those raw materials into organic molecules. 
      3. The process has three stages. The first absorbs CO2 and water from the atmosphere using a so-called direct-air-capture device (made by Climeworks). 
      4. The second stage employs concentrated sunlight to heat a material called cerium oxide which, when so heated, reacts with both CO2 and water. The reaction with CO2 creates carbon monoxide. The one with water creates hydrogen. In both cases the by-product is oxygen, which is vented into the atmosphere. 
      5. But a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is a familiar one to industrial chemists. It is called syngas, and is widely used as a raw material to make other things.
      6. The third part of the process is therefore to turn the syngas into organic molecules. For the hydrocarbons that make up aviation fuel an industrial chemist would normally turn to what is known as the Fischer-Tropsch process. For their demonstrator, the team chose another route, which led to methanol rather than hydrocarbons. But the general idea is the same.
              • A demo: The scientists' demonstration rig, which they installed on the roof of their building, had a typical yield of 32 ml of pure methanol per seven-hour day—tiny, but a clear proof of principle. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that substituting the world’s aviation-fuel market entirely in this way would need 45,000 sq.km. of suitably insolated land. That sounds a lot, but is equivalent to about 0.5% of the area of the Sahara Desert.
              • Summary: Air-captured aviation fuel would certainly need its path to market smoothed by appropriate carbon taxes on the fossil variety, and possibly other measures. But this new idea does seem to have demonstrated a credible and potentially scalable way to go about making the stuff.
              • EXAM QUESTIONS: (1) Explain how aviation fuel may be made straight out of thin air, as per latest reasearch.
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                                                                                                                                          PT's IAS Academy: Can we get aircraft fuel from air - an analysis
                                                                                                                                          Can we get aircraft fuel from air - an analysis
                                                                                                                                          Is it possible to make aviation fuel out of thin air?
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