CONCEPT – US-RUSSIA ARMS REDUCTION TREATIES

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CONCEPT – US-RUSSIA ARMS REDUCTION TREATIES

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• SALT: The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) were 2 rounds of bilateral conferences and international treaties between US and the USSR on the issue of arms control. The two rounds of talks and agreements were SALT I and SALT II.
• Helsinki Negotiations 1969: Negotiations commenced in Helsinki, Finland, in November 1969. The SALT I led to the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty and an interim agreement. SALT II did result in an agreement in 1979, but the US Senate did not ratify it due to USSR’s interference in Afghanistan. The Soviet legislature also did not ratify it. The agreement expired on December 31, 1985.
• STARTs: These SALTs led to the STARTs – Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties. The START I (1991 agreement) and START II (1993 agreement that was not ratified by US) had proposed limits on multiple-warhead capacities and on number of nuclear weapons.
• New START: A successor to START I – the New START – was proposed and was eventually ratified in February 2011. This was on “Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms”.

1. New START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) (Russian: СНВ-III, SNV-III) is a nuclear arms reduction treaty
2. Formal name – Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms
3. Signed on 8 April 2010 in Prague and entered into force on 5 February 2011; will last until 2021

• New START replaced the Treaty of Moscow (SORT): It would have expired in December 2012. Under terms of the treaty

1. the number of strategic nuclear missile launchers will be reduced by half 
2. a new inspection and verification regime will be established, replacing the SORT mechanism
3. no limit will be imposed on the number of operationally inactive stockpiled nuclear warheads that remain in the high thousands
4. the number of deployed strategic nuclear warheads will be limited to 1,550 (down nearly two-thirds from the original START)
5. the total number of deployed warheads, however, could exceed the 1,550 limit by a few hundred because per bomber only one warhead is counted regardless of how many it actually carries
6. the number of deployed and non-deployed inter-continental ballistic missile (ICBM) launchers, submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) launchers, and heavy bombers equipped for nuclear armaments to be restricted to 800

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