Sucking carbon from atmosphere - Will it work

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After pumping carbon into the atmosphere, mankind has begun sucking it out. Will it work?

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 Sucking carbon from atmosphere - Will it work

Read more on - Polity | Economy | Schemes | S&T | Environment

  • A new experiment begins: On September 9th, 2021, the Orca carbon-capture plant, in Reykjavik in Iceland, switched on its fans and began sucking carbon dioxide straight from the air. The plant’s creators hope it will mark a shift in humanity’s interaction with the climate.
  • What is it: The Orca is the largest installation in the infant “direct air capture” industry. The goal is to remove CO2 from the atmosphere.
  1. When sealed underground such CO2 counts as “negative emissions”—an essential but underdeveloped method for tackling global warming.
  2. To stop temperatures rising by 1.5°C or even 2°C above pre-industrial averages, as per the Paris climate agreement, hundreds or thousands of billions of tonnes of CO2 will have to be removed from the atmosphere in the second half of the century.
  • Trees versus the Orca: Today, the only means of doing that is planting trees, an option that is tough. Trees burn in wildfires and can be cut down. When this happens, much of the carbon they store escapes. The Orca plant (of Climeworks) has developed chemical filters which snag CO2 when air passes through them. When heated they release the CO2 again, generating a stream of gas that is handed to another firm called Carbfix.
  • What Carbfix does: The firm Carbfix pipes the gas to nearby wells, mixes it with water and pumps the resulting carbonated water into the bedrock. In Iceland that consists almost entirely of volcanic basalts, which contain minerals that react with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate, a white crystal that is the main ingredient in limestone. Thus, the full operation extracts CO2 from air and turns it to rock. Trials have shown that Icelandic basalts can sequester CO2 in solid rock within two years. Power comes from a nearby geothermal power station.
  • How much really: Orca will capture 4,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide a year, out of around 35 bn tonnes produced by burning fossil fuels. The company (Climeworks) is “confident” it can reach millions of tonnes before 2030.
  • How costly: It costs Orca somewhere between $600-800 to sequester one tonne of carbon dioxide, and the firm sells offset packages online for around $1,200 per tonne. The company thinks it can cut costs ten-fold through economies of scale, but there appears to be wnough customers willing to pay the current, elevated price. Clients include corporations seeking to offset a portion of their emissions, such as Microsoft, as well as over 8,000 private individuals. Other companies too are coming in.
  • Summary: Mankind has emitted enough carbon, and is now trying to suck it straight out of atmosphere to avoid the worst effects of climate change.
  • EXAM QUESTIONS: (1) What are the three prime considerations for success in any future plan that hinges on "sucking CO2" out of atmosphere directly? (2) What are the ways carbon can be sequestered, after being captured? Explain.
Read more on - Polity | Economy | Schemes | S&T | Environment

#carbon #globalwarming #Climeworks #Iceland


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PT's IAS Academy: Sucking carbon from atmosphere - Will it work
Sucking carbon from atmosphere - Will it work
After pumping carbon into the atmosphere, mankind has begun sucking it out. Will it work?
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