Uttarakhand's power projects versus the Ganga

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Conflict between power and infrastructure building in Uttarakhand, and fragile ecology of region

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 Uttarakhand's power projects versus the Ganga


  • While India wants to build infrastructure in the Himalayan regions, there are serious environmental & ecological challenges there
  • The physical features of Uttarakhand are such that governments have preferred hydroelectric projects always, but most have come up in vulnerable areas
  • Recent episodes of heavy rains (and landslips, avalanches, deaths) has impacted hydropower projects deeply
  • The Supreme Court (SC) in 2013, after the Kedarnath floods, halted such projects in Alaknanda and Bhagirathi river basins pending techincal reviews
  • The Ganga river stays healthy, if it is allowed to run without hindrances, but hydropower projects stop such flows
  • So hydropower and NMCG are in conflict with each other (Nation Mission for Clean Ganga)
  • Experts have recommended that almost all hydropower projects be scrapped, leading to those power promoters approach the SC claiming huge losses and no fault of their own as the govt. cleared the projects
  • The govt. has accepted there's a fine balance to be maintained, but even within ministries there are serious differences
  • The Ministry of Power is supporting the projects, while the Water Resources Ministry is not; when one group of experts recommends scrapping such projects, some other group ends up recommending their continuation!
  • Officially, the government said (in the Parliament) it may allow only those projects to continue that were at least 50% completed, but latest affidavit in the Court has no such mention (so where's the policy commitment)
  • While need for power and infra building is felt in Uttarakhand, but without taking locals into confidence and respecting the region's constraints, nothing should be done
  1. जहाँ एक ओर भारत हिमालयी क्षेत्रों में बुनियादी ढांचे का निर्माण करना चाहता है, वहीँ गंभीर पर्यावरणीय और पारिस्थितिक चुनौतियां भी हैं
  2. उत्तराखंड की भौतिक विशेषताएं ऐसी हैं कि सरकारों ने हमेशा जलविद्युत परियोजनाओं को प्राथमिकता दी है, लेकिन अधिकांश कमजोर क्षेत्रों में आई हैं
  3. भारी बारिश (और भूस्खलन, हिमस्खलन, मौतों) के हालिया प्रकरणों ने जलविद्युत परियोजनाओं को गहराई से प्रभावित किया है
  4. सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने 2013 में केदारनाथ बाढ़ के बाद, अलकनंदा और भागीरथी नदी घाटियों में ऐसी परियोजनाओं को रोक दिया था, जिनकी तकनीकी समीक्षा लंबित थी
  5. गंगा नदी को बिना रुकावट के चलने दिया जाए तो स्वस्थ रहती है, लेकिन जलविद्युत परियोजनाएं ऐसे प्रवाह को रोक देती हैं
  6. तो जल विद्युत और एनएमसीजी एक दूसरे के साथ संघर्ष में हैं (एनएमसीजी - स्वच्छ गंगा राष्ट्र मिशन)
  7. विशेषज्ञों ने सिफारिश की है कि लगभग सभी जलविद्युत परियोजनाओं को रद्द कर दिया जाए, जिससे उन बिजली प्रमोटरों ने भारी नुकसान का दावा करते हुए  सुप्रीम कोर्ट से कहा कि खुद उनकी कोई गलती नहीं है, और सरकार ने स्वयं परियोजनाओं को मंजूरी दी थी
  8. सरकार ने स्वीकार किया है कि एक अच्छा संतुलन बनाए रखा जाना है, लेकिन मंत्रालयों के भीतर भी गंभीर मतभेद हैं
  9. विद्युत मंत्रालय परियोजनाओं का समर्थन कर रहा है, जबकि जल संसाधन मंत्रालय नहीं; जब विशेषज्ञों का एक समूह ऐसी परियोजनाओं को रद्द करने की सिफारिश करता है, तो दूसरा समूह उन्हें जारी रखने की सिफारिश करता है!
  10. आधिकारिक तौर पर, सरकार ने कहा (संसद में) वह केवल उन परियोजनाओं को जारी रखने की अनुमति दे सकती है जो कम से कम 50% पूरी हो चुकी थीं, लेकिन अदालत में नवीनतम हलफनामे में ऐसा कोई उल्लेख नहीं है (इसलिए नीति प्रतिबद्धता कहां है)
  11. जबकि उत्तराखंड में बिजली और बुनियादी ढांचे की आवश्यकता महसूस की जाती है, लेकिन स्थानीय लोगों को विश्वास में लिए बिना और क्षेत्र की बाधाओं का सम्मान किए बिना कुछ भी नहीं किया जाना चाहिए 

#Uttarakhand #PowerProjets #Hydropower #Energy #Ganga #Environment #Landslides  



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PT's IAS Academy: Uttarakhand's power projects versus the Ganga
Uttarakhand's power projects versus the Ganga
Conflict between power and infrastructure building in Uttarakhand, and fragile ecology of region
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PT's IAS Academy
https://civils.pteducation.com/2021/08/hindu-editorial-analysis-30-august-2021-first.html
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