Welfare of Delhi's migrants needs a robust database

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The Delhi government started work on building an Aadhaar-linked database of all migrants engaged in the unorganised sector.

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Welfare of Delhi's migrants needs a robust database

  • The story: The Delhi government started work on building an Aadhaar-linked database of all migrants engaged in the unorganised sector. This step comes a year after the large-scale exoduses during the Covid-19 lockdowns in the Capital as lakhs left Delhi for their towns and villages.
  • Help from states: To create a comprehensive database of migrant workers, the government of Delhi has also issued a letter to states from which majority of the migrant workers come to Delhi, namely Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Jharkhand and Odisha, to share the database of migrant workers prepared by them. Today, there is no integrated and complete database of migrant workers in Delhi, affecting government estimates and budget allocations. It is also a question of implementation and delivery, especially for food grains for people — mostly migrants.
  • Lack of pan-India database: The unorganised sector remains mostly undocumented in India, creating blind spots for the state and harming policy drafting and implementation. Almost 90% of the country’s workers are employed in the informal unorganised sector.
  • New labour Code: The Delhi govt. move highlighted that such a database will be essential to efficiently implement The Code of Social Security Act, 2020, which merges eight existing labour laws and is supposed to include migrant workers in the unorganised sector in its ambit. The Union government also began an independent survey of migrants across the country in 2020 and individual state databases are supposed to enhance its strength. The survey was suspended mid-March 2021 in the light of uptick in Covid-19 cases but is likely to resume soon, said a senior official, adding that the national database will be necessary to properly implement The Code of Social Security Act.
  • Influx is huge: Delhi has the second highest population of inter-state migrants in India, according to 2011 Census data on migration released in July 2019, which shows that marriage and work or business drive the influx. The city-state only trails Maharashtra, a much larger and more populous state.
  1. More than 6.3 million people in Delhi – which is nearly 40% of its 2011 census population of around 16 million – were migrants from other states. Of these, around two million were recorded to have migrated for work. But the data did not bifurcate employment in the organised sector and the unorganised sector.
  2. Labour unions in the city peg the number of migrants engaged in the unorganised sector at two million, of which around 60% would be in the construction sector and the remaining would be in industries and daily wage work. Experts called the state government’s database plans an “essential initiative”.
  • Summary: At present, other than the 2011 Census data, there is no official database on migrants in Delhi which could help the government to work out their social protection strategies. It is important to have recent data on migrants by various indicators like their place of origin (states, cities and/or villages), period of stay, reasons for migration and other important parameters which may help the government work out a comprehensive policy for their overall well-being.


 

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PT's IAS Academy: Welfare of Delhi's migrants needs a robust database
Welfare of Delhi's migrants needs a robust database
The Delhi government started work on building an Aadhaar-linked database of all migrants engaged in the unorganised sector.
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PT's IAS Academy
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