Useful compilation of Civil Services oriented - Daily Current Affairs - Civil Services - 24-09-2020
- Defence – CAG: Rafale vendors yet to confirm tech transfer – French aerospace major Dassault Aviation and European missile maker MBDA have till date “not confirmed” the transfer of technology for the indigenous development of engine for the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), under the offset contract relating to the ₹60,000 crore deal for 36 Rafale fighter jets, the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) said in a report tabled in Parliament. The report on offset clauses in defence deals observed that in October 2019, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) informed that the vendor had not yet been able to confirm their capability for doing the requisite upgradation. Thus, it is not clear if this technology transfer will take place, and there is need for MoD/DRDO to identify and acquire the right technologies in order to comply with the directions of Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) given in September 2016.
- Polity and Governance – Monsoon session ends in a flurry of protests – Opposition parties held three rounds of protests in Parliament on the last day of the monsoon session, and Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha Ghulam Nabi Azad met President Ram Nath Kovind, urging him not to give his assent to the three farm Bills passed by both the Houses. In a silent protest, over 75 Rajya Sabha MPs belonging to the Congress, Trinamool Congress, Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS), Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist), Rashtriya Janata Dal, Aam Aadmi Party, Samajwadi Party and Nationalist Congress Party marched from the Gandhi statue to the Ambedkar statue within the Parliament complex. On last day of session, Parliament passed three Bills — the Industrial Relations Code, 2020; the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020; and the Social Security Code, 2020 — while the Opposition continued its boycott that started on Tuesday over the passage of the three agriculture Bills.
- Polity and Governance – Labour Bills passed amid boycott – Parliament passed three Bills that complete the government’s codification of 29 labour laws into four codes, with the Rajya Sabha passing the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 and the Social Security Code, 2020. The Upper House passed the three Bills after less than two hours of discussion, while the Opposition continued its boycott that started on Tuesday over the passage of two agriculture Bills. The three Bills that merge 25 laws were passed by the Lok Sabha earlier. The first of the four codes, the Code on Wages, was passed by Parliament in 2019.
- COVID-19 Updates – Assess use of local lockdowns, push to reopen economy: PM – PM Modi indicated his scepticism over “local lockdowns” imposed for a day or two in combating Covid-19 and asked high focus states to assess if such steps are hindering restoration of economic activities while proving to be of little use. Urging states to weigh the impact of local lockdowns, Modi, in his interaction with the CMs and health ministers of seven high burden states, including Maharashtra, stressed the need to focus on “micro containment zones” to curb Covid spread and allow usual activities to go on. With arbitrary lockdowns in July and August seen to have hurt the economy, the Centre had told states to avoid such steps unless cleared by MHA. Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Delhi and Punjab, account for more than 63% of active cases. These states also account for 65.5% of cumulative cases and 77% of total deaths.
- Achievements – Kashi girl Shivangi Singh to become first IAF woman fighter pilot to fly Rafale – Kashi girl Shivangi Singh, the Rafale squadron’s first woman fighter pilot, is set to make history by flying the multi-role air dominance aircraft amid escalating border tensions with China. Commissioned in 2017 in the second batch of women fighter pilots, Flight Lieutenant Shivangi Singh is currently undergoing conversion training and will shortly become a part of 17 Squadron, the Golden Arrows, in Ambala. She has been flying MiG-21 Bisons since her commissioning.
- World – Turkey rakes up J&K at UNGA, India hits back – India asked Turkey not to meddle in its internal affairs after President Recep Tayyip Erdogan raised the Kashmir issue at the UNGA. Erdogan said Kashmir was a burning issue and scrapping of J&K’s special status had complicated the problem. Calling the remarks unacceptable, India said, “Turkey should learn to respect the sovereignty of other nations and reflect on its own policies more deeply”.
- Environment and Ecology – China vows to go carbon neutral by 2060 – The U.S. is guilty of “obstructing” the global fight against emissions, China said, as Beijing seized the climate agenda by vowing to go carbon neutral by 2060, a target welcomed by environmentalists despite its patchy detail. The goals, which include a pledge to reach peak emissions in 2030, are the most concrete ones yet announced by China, which is the world's biggest polluter and accounts for a quarter of the planet's greenhouse gas emissions. They also open a new divergence in relations with the U.S., which are already pinched by squabbles over trade, tech, defence and human rights. Under President Donald Trump, the United States, the world's second-largest polluter, pulled out of the agreement, blaming China for the stalled momentum on tackling global emissions.
- World – Navalny out of German hospital – Russian Opposition leader Alexei Navalny has been released from a Berlin hospital after over a month’s treatment for poisoning, with doctors now believing that a complete recovery from the Soviet-era nerve agent is possible for him. Mr. Navalny spent 32 days at Berlin’s Charite hospital, 24 of them in intensive care, before doctors deemed his condition had improved sufficiently for him to be discharged from acute inpatient care. After his release, Mr. Navalny, in an Instagram post, took a swipe at Russian President Vladimir Putin, scoffing at reported comments by the Russian leader, suggesting that Mr. Navalny might have intentionally poisoned himself.
- World – Embattled Belarusian dictator sworn in for new term in office in complete secrecy – Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko took the oath of office at a secret ceremony in a move his opponents attributed to his desire to avoid crowds of demonstrators who have held historic protests against his disputed re-election. Lukashenko has faced massive demonstrations against his rule since claiming victory with more than 80 percent in a presidential election on August 9, with tens of thousands marching at the latest protest in the capital Minsk.
- World – Malaysia’s Anwar claims ‘strong majority’ to form new government – Malaysia’s opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim said he had secured a “strong majority” from lawmakers to form a new government, seven months after a power grab within the ruling coalition brought down the administration elected in May 2018. Anwar said he had been “approached by a number of MPs from various parties” who were unhappy with the existing leadership of Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin.
Important Exam Notifications |
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S. No |
Institution |
Exam or Post Name |
Vacancies or Seats |
Qualification |
Last Date to Apply |
Link for Details |
1 |
Indian Air Force |
Airmen (Group X – Technical) (Bihar) |
- |
Diploma (Engg) |
NOV-28-2020 |
https://airmenselection.cdac.in/CASB/img/upcoming/BIHTA%20(PATNA)%20RALLY%20GP%20'X'.pdf |
2 |
Punjab National Bank |
Faculty, Office Assistant, Attendant |
10 |
BSW/ B.Com, MSW/ MA |
OCT-7-2020 |
https://www.pnbindia.in/downloadprocess.aspx?fid=fThRypyrGRnAzqfiPLD9/g== |
3 |
NABCONS |
Team leader, System Administrator |
6 |
Any Degree, PG, Ph.D |
OCT-10-2020 |
http://www.nabcons.com/downloads/Advertisement-RSC-001.pdf |
4 |
RITES Ltd |
Manager & Assistant Manager |
8 |
BE/ B.Tech/ M Sc (IT/ CS)/ MCA |
OCY-13-2020 |
https://rites.com/web/images/stories/uploadVacancy/VC%20NO%2007-09_20%20Mgr%20AM%20IT%20Contractual%20AD.pdf |
5 |
RIMS, Imphal |
OT Tech., Lab Tech. & Supervisor (Civil) |
20 |
Degree (Civil Engg.) |
NOV-26-2020 |
http://www.rims.edu.in/secure/wp-content/uploads/Advertisement-22-9-2020.pdf |
6 |
IMMT |
Project Assistant, Project Associate I, II |
8 |
Diploma (Met. Engg), B.Sc, B.E/ B.Tech, M.Sc (Geology) |
OCT-5-2020 |
https://www.immt.res.in/webroot/upload/admin/announcement/2020-09-22_announcement_img_1600780623.pdf |
7 |
DRDO- DFRL |
Graduate, Technician (Diploma) Apprentice |
15 |
Diploma, B.E/ B.Tech, B.Sc |
OCT-14-2020 |
https://www.drdo.gov.in/sites/default/files/career-vacancy-documents/Publication_Advt__Apprentice.pdf |
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- SECTION 2 - DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS
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- 1. CONSTITUTION AND LAW (Prelims, GS Paper 2, Essay paper)
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- 2. ECONOMY (Prelims, GS Paper 3, Essay paper
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- 3. ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY (Prelims, GS Paper 3, Essay paper)
- 3. ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY (Prelims, GS Paper 3, Essay paper)
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- 4. FOREIGN AFFAIRS (Prelims, GS Paper 2, Essay paper)
- 4. FOREIGN AFFAIRS (Prelims, GS Paper 2, Essay paper)
- EAM S. Jaishankar delivers virtual address on Afghan peace negotiations at Doha - In a virtual address on Afghan peace negotiations at Doha on September 12, 2020, Indian External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar said the Afghan peace process must respect sovereignty and territorial integrity of Afghanistan. In August 2020, President Ashraf Ghani agreed to release 400 Taliban prisoners, paving the way for beginning of a peace process aimed at ending nearly two-decades of conflict in the war-torn country. The U.S. inked a peace deal with the Taliban in February that provided for the withdrawal of American troops from Afghanistan.
- EAM S. Jaishankar meets his Russian counterpart Sergey Lavrov in Moscow - External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar on September 9, 2020 said he held “excellent talks” with his Russian counterpart Sergey Lavrov in Moscow during which they discussed bilateral strategic ties and exchanged views on the international situation.
- EAM S. Jaishankar holds meeting with Angola counterpart Tete Antonio - India and Angola on September 7, 2020 held the first Joint Commission Meeting during which the two sides agreed to diversify their trade relationship and discussed cooperation in various sectors. The meeting was co-chaired by External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar and his Angola counterpart Tete Antonio.
- Five Rafale fighter jets formally inducted into IAF at Ambala air base - Five Rafale fighter jets were formally inducted into the Golden Arrows squadron of the Indian Air Force on September 10, 2020 at a ceremony in the Ambala air base in Haryana. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and his French counterpart Florence Parly were among those present. Built by French aerospace major Dassault Aviation, the multi-role Rafale jets will be equipped with European missile maker MBDA’s Meteor beyond visual range air-to-air missile and Scalp cruise missile.
- Foreign ministers of RIC - Russia, India and China - hold talks in Moscow - The foreign ministers of Russia, India and China (RIC) on September 10, 2020 held trilateral talks on the sidelines of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in Moscow. External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and foreign ministers of Russia: Sergey Lavrov and China: Wang Yi participated in the talks.
- Indo-Pacific trilateral dialogue held - With a focus on enhancing cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region, India, Australia and France on September 9, 2020 held the first trilateral dialogue where they discussed “economic and geostrategic challenges and cooperation” in the region, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and domestic responses to it.
- India, China agree on five-point course of action on LAC - External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and his Chinese counterpart Wang Yi met in Moscow on September 12, 2020 and said they agreed on a five-point course of action to disengage and reduce tensions along the Line of Actual Control (LAC), where Indian and Chinese troops have been engaged in a four and a half months long stand-off. The five-point plan is: following the consensus between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Xi Jinping to “not allow differences to become disputes”, disengaging quickly to ease tensions, abiding by the existing India-China border protocols and avoiding escalatory action, continuing the dialogue between Special Representatives National Security Adviser Ajit Doval and Wang as well as the other mechanisms and working towards new confidence-building measures (CBMs).
- India, Japan sign agreement on Reciprocal Provision of Supplies and Services - India and Japan signed an Agreement between the two countries concerning Reciprocal Provision of Supplies and Services between the Armed Forces of India and The Self-Defense Forces of Japan. The agreement was signed in New Delhi on September 9, 2020 by Defence Secretary Ajay Kumar and Ambassador of Japan Suzuki Satoshi.
- India votes in favour of UNGA resolution for cooperation to combat Covid - India, along with 168 nations, voted in favour of a COVID-19 resolution in the UN General Assembly that reaffirms international cooperation to respond to one of the greatest global challenges and acknowledges the World Health Organisation’s key leadership role in responding to the outbreak. The Omnibus Resolution on Comprehensive and Coordinated Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic was overwhelmingly adopted by the 193-member General Assembly on September 11, 2020, with 169 nations voting in favour. The US and Israel voted against the resolution and Ukraine and Hungary abstained. The resolution is not legally binding.
- MoS for External Affairs Muraleedharan participates in ASEAN regional forum - Minister of State for External Affairs V Muraleedharan on September 12, 2020 participated in the 27th ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) where he shared India’s views on maritime security, counter terrorism and the COVID-19 pandemic.
- New ASEAN-India Plan of Action adopted for 5 years at Ministerial Meeting - India and the 10-nation ASEAN on September 12 carried out a comprehensive review of their strategic partnership and adopted a new five-year plan of action to further boost overall ties. The review meeting was co-chaired by Indian EAM S. Jaishankar and his Thai counterpart Don Pramudwinai. It was attended by foreign ministers of all ASEAN member countries.
- PM Modi holds talks with Saudi King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Al Saud - Prime Minister Narendra Modi on September 9, 2020 had a telephonic conversation with Saudi King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Al Saud. Modi appreciated the leadership provided by Saudi Arabia during its ongoing Presidency of the G20 grouping.
- Virtual meeting of the labour and employment ministers of G-20 held - The virtual meeting of the labour and employment ministers of G-20 nations was held on September 10, 2020. Labour and employment minister Santosh Gangwar represented India at the meeting. The meeting listed the measures to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on the labour market.
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- 5. GOVERNMENT SCHEMES (Prelims, GS Paper 2, GS Paper 3)
- Key features of the O-SMART scheme –
- O-SMART is Ocean Services, Modelling, Applications, Resources and Technology scheme.
- The system generates and updates information on Marine living resources in the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone. It monitors free water pollutants. This data is then used for health assessment of coastal waters of India.
- The scheme also develops shore line change maps that help assist the coastal erosion due to anthropogenic activities and natural calamities.
- It develops wide range of ocean observation systems. These systems in turn help acquire real time data from the seas in India. It provides warnings, advisories and user-oriented Ocean information for the benefit of the society. It develops Ocean forecast and Re analysis system.
- The scheme develops technologies that are used to tap marine bio-resources. It provides algorithms that help in validating satellite data related to coastal research.
- It is responsible for establishing water treatment facilities along coastlines.
- It is responsible for the operation and maintenance of 5 research vessels that are deployed in Ocean survey monitoring and demonstration programmes.
- The scheme also carries out exploration of polymetallic nodules from the water depth of 5500 metres. This was allocated by the United Nations in the central Indian ocean basin. The International Organisation has a located 75000square kilometre of maritime area to carry out investigations of gas hydrates.
- Indian tsunami early warning centre –
- The centre was established at Indian national Centre for Ocean information Services (INCOIS) Hyderabad. It operates under Ministry of earth sciences. The centre is currently providing Tsunami warning services to over 25 Indian ocean countries. This is being done under the the intergovernmental oceanographic commission of UNESCO framework.
- INCOIS –
- The INCOIS has established strong motion accelerometers in Andaman and Nicobar Islands and global Navigation satellite system. 20 sensors help in quick and reliable estimation of earthquake sources.
- It also conducts training and exercises on preparedness during tsunami conditions and create awareness about Tsunami.
- It is also implementing the tsunami ready program full stop the program was introduced by UNESCO.
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- 6. MISCELLANEOUS (Prelims, Various GS Papers)
- Key points –
- September 19 marks the 60th anniversary of the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) between India and Pakistan, a treaty that is often cited as an example of the possibilities of peaceful coexistence that exist despite the troubled relationship.
- Well-wishers of the treaty often dub it “uninterrupted and uninterruptible”.
- The World Bank, which, as the third party, played a pivotal role in crafting the IWT, continues to take particular pride that the treaty functions.
- The role of India, as a responsible upper riparian abiding by the provisions of the treaty, has been remarkable but the country, of late, is under pressure to rethink the extent to which it can remain committed to the provisions, as its overall political relations with Pakistan becomes intractable.
- Equitable water-sharing –
- Back in time, partitioning the Indus rivers system was inevitable after the Partition of India in 1947.
- The sharing formula devised after prolonged negotiations sliced the Indus system into two halves.
- The three ‘western rivers’ (Indus, Jhelum and Chenab) went to Pakistan and the three ‘eastern rivers’ (Sutlej, Ravi and Beas) were portioned to India.
- Equitable it may have seemed, but the fact remained that India conceded 80.52 per cent of the aggregate water flows in the Indus system to Pakistan.
- It also gave Rs 83 crore in pounds sterling to Pakistan to help build replacement canals from the western rivers. Such generosity is unusual of an upper riparian.
- The treaty allows India to use the western river waters for limited irrigation use and unlimited non-consumptive use for such applications as power generation, navigation, floating of property, fish culture, etc.
- India plays resilient –
- That the treaty has remained “uninterrupted” is because India respects its signatory and values trans-boundary Rivers as an important connector in the region in terms of both diplomacy and economic prosperity.
- There have been several instances of terror attacks which could have prompted India, within the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, to withdraw from the IWT.
- However, on each occasion, India chose not to do so.
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- 7. POLITY (Prelims, GS Paper 2)
- Key points –
- The government has introduced three Bills in the Lok Sabha to amalgamate laws on social security, occupational safety and industrial relations, which would, among other changes, allow companies with less than 300 workers to terminate employment without prior approval and provide gig and platform workers social security schemes.
- Labour and Employment Minister Santosh Kumar Gangwar introduced the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the Occupational Safety, Health & Working Conditions Code, 2020 and Code on Social Security, 2020 after some Opposition MPs opposed them citing the lack of public consultation.
- Mr. Gangwar also withdrew the 2019 versions of the Bills, which were introduced and then referred to the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Labour.
- Mr. Gangwar said the government had accepted 74% of the 233 recommendations of the committee.
- The three Bills are part of the government’s labour law reforms agenda, of which the first, the Code on Wages, was passed in 2019. He said 29 labour laws are to be amalgamated into four codes.
- Important details –
- The Industrial Relations Code Bill mandates companies with 300 or more workers to prepare and submit to the government standing orders regarding the conditions of service, including shift timings and termination of employment. As of now, this applies to establishment with over 100 employees, under the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946, which is among the three Acts the Bill proposes to subsume.
- The Social Security Code Bill proposes to bring unorganised sector, gig workers and platform workers under the ambit of social security schemes, including life and disability insurance, health and maternity benefits, provident fund and skill upgradation.
- Among the 13 Acts the Occupational Safety Code proposes to subsume is the Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979, which has been highlighted during the recent migrant workers crisis due to COVID-19.
- While the Act covered those migrant workers who were hired through contractors, the Code covers those who are directly employed as well. The Code has also been extended to those working animation, cartoon depiction, digital production and web serials by including these categories in the definition of audio-visual production.
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- 8. SOCIAL ISSUES (Prelims, GS Paper 1, GS Paper 2)
- 8. SOCIAL ISSUES (Prelims, GS Paper 1, GS Paper 2)
- Highlights –
- After six members of two primitive tribes in Odisha contracted Covid-19, the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes has sought a report from the state government.
- In what the commission has termed a “matter of grave concern”, one member of the Bonda tribe and five from the Didayi tribe tested positive for the novel coronavirus in the last week of August.
- Odisha has so far recorded 1,84,122 Covid-19 cases, with 37,684 active cases.
- What is a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group –
- A PVTG (earlier, Primitive tribal group) is a Government of India classification for tribes based on their relative physical isolation, stagnant or declining population, low levels of literacy and pre-agricultural stage of economy, such as hunting, food gathering, shifting cultivation and terrace cultivation.
- The classification was adopted by the GOI after the Dhebar Commission (1960-1961) stated that within the Scheduled Tribes there existed an inequality in the rate of development.
- During the fourth Five Year Plan, a sub-category was created within Scheduled Tribes to identify groups at a lower level of development. This sub-category was called “Primitive tribal group”, which is now PVTG.
- What are the PVTGs in Odisha –
- Of the 62 tribal groups in Odisha, 13 are recognised as PVTGs – the highest in the country.
- At present, Odisha has a population of 2.5 lakh belonging to the PVTGs, residing in nearly 1,429 villages in 11 districts. The PVTGs of the state have been identified as Bonda, Birhor, Chuktia, Bhunjia, Didayi, Dungaria, Kandha, Hill Kharia, Juang, Kutia Kondh, Lanjia Saora, Lodha, Mankirida, Paudi, Bhuyan and Saora.
- The Bondas and Didiayis are found in the Malkangiri district of the state.
- The Bondas, scattered across 32 remote hilltop villages in the Eastern Ghats of Malkangiri district, are believed to have come to India as part of the first wave of migration out of Africa about 60,000 years ago. The Didayis – a little known Austro-Asiatic tribe – live in the immediate neighbourhood of the Bondas.
- Why is PVTG members contracting Covid a ‘matter of grave concern –
- The health status of PVTGs is low due to multiple factors like poverty, illiteracy, lack of safe drinking water, poor sanitary conditions, difficult terrain, malnutrition, poor access to maternal and child health care services, superstition, nonavailability of adequate health care services and deforestation.
- The government newsletter also states that diseases like upper respiratory problem and malaria, gastrointestinal disorders like acute diarrhoea and intestinal protozoa, micro nutrient deficiency, and skin infection are common among them.
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- 9. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Prelims, GS Paper 3)
- Highlights –
- Officials say that the Government has a proposal to set up Neutrino Observatory in the country.
- India based Neutrino observatory (INO) will observe neutrinos produced in the atmosphere of the Earth.
- This observation will tell us more about the properties of neutrino particles, whose main source is the Sun and the Earth’s atmosphere.
- The neutrino detector will be a magnetized iron calorimeter, which will be the heaviest one made by any country. The site identified is in Bodi West Hills, in Theni district, Tamil Nadu.
- State-wise number of observatories are as follows –
- Karnataka – Six Astronomical observatories.
- Uttarakhand- Four Observatories for study of Astronomy & Astrophysics and Atmospheric Studies.
- Indian Institute of Geomagnetism (IIG) operates strategically located Magnetic Observatories across the
- country as follows –
- Andhra Pradesh – One
- Tamil Nadu – One
- Assam – One
- Meghalaya – One
- Gujarat – One
- Maharashtra – One
- Rajasthan – One
- Jammu & Kashmir – One
- Uttar Pradesh – One
- Andaman & Nicobar Island (UT) – One
- Puducherry (UT) – One
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- 10. FACTS, CHARTS, RANKINGS and EDITORIALS (Prelims + GS Mains)
- Paresh Rawal was appointed as the Chairperson of the National School of Drama (NSD) in Sept 2020.
- ‘US-India Week: Navigating New Challenges’ was the title of the leadership summit of US India Strategic and Partnership Forum (USISPF) held recently.
- IIT Madras has been ranked No: 1 in the ‘Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements’.
- The International Day for the Conservation of the Mangrove Ecosystem was observed on July 26.
- Carrie Lam is the Chief Executive of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
- We offer you 7 excellent editorials from across 10 newspapers we have scanned.
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- SECTION 3 - MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions)
COMMENTS